National Action in the Defense of the Nation

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National Action in the Defense of the Nation (KAWON) - a Polish underground organization of the Second World War, founded on September 17, 1939 in Zaleszczyki as a secret TOW cell. The main objective of the activity was to transfer soldiers and civilians to Romania from the expected Soviet occupation.

KONON was founded during a meeting at the parish in Zaleszczyki headed by captain. Langman from the KOP intelligence cell delegated by Major. Mazurkiewicza ps. "Zagloba", the organizer of TOW. Directed KAWON-a second lieutenant with the nickname "Gray". Initially, apart from "Gray", two subordinates serving the secret radio station, eight high school graduates, three professional guides, two liaison officers and Jan Grabowiecki, a Romanian citizen. The headquarters of the organization was the home of local priest Andrzej Urbanski, who directed it after the liquidation of 10/11 radio station and the arrest of her service with "Szary".

The first metatarsal launch of four people on the Dniester canoe took place on the night of 18/19 September. Since September 19, five to eight people have started regular metastatic operations. In November 1939 a metro route was organized in the village of Torskie in which there was a railway stop. Torsky Trail led Dniester to Horodnica on foot to the village of Babin in Romania.

Among the people flown by KAWON to Romania were, among others. Melchior Wańkowicz and Mieczysław Bekker. The metro operation ended in June 1940 after the Soviet occupation of Bukovina and the border crossing several hundred kilometers south. In addition to the KAWON action, KAWON also organized courier communication.

At the beginning of his activity KAWON published four issues of a secret newspaper "Kresowiak". Bibliography

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