Runaway peasants
The peasants 'run - the peasants' escape to the cities, to other goods or abroad, as a form of defense against oppression during feudalism.
The peasants' run was on the Polish soil from the 12th century until the fall of the First Republic. Most of the peasants fled to royal estates or abroad, to Prussia, to Lithuania or to Russia (among others to Zaporozhye). Flogging was a form of defense and the struggle of the peasants with the increase of oppression by the feudal. The feudalists secured themselves from the runaway, including among them arrangements for the release of refugees by introducing a special court procedure. They also used economic means, exchanged serfs for rent and granted peasants the so-called. purchase rights.
Exit was punished terribly. The markings on the forehead, undercut tendons, collective responsibility was applied. Piotr Skarga even mentions punishing the peasants with death. These were sporadic occasions, because the feudal punishment of death coincided with the loss of free hands to work in the property of his estate.
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