Daina - a traditional form of Latvian and Lithuanian unreleased songs, usually very short (up to four stanzas), varied in terms of themes, metrics, stylistics and method of performance.
Until the beginning of the twentieth century, dainia was transmitted only in oral form, although some counted more than a thousand years. Many of them include cultural elements from pre-Christian times, such as the names of pagan deities such as Saule (goddess of the sun) or Meness (moon deity), and sometimes even to magical rituals. Dainy also shows various areas of social and even political life, including allusions to ancient traditions, festivals and erotic habits. The language of the song is colorful with a variety of stylistics and symbols. For example, the bride often symbolizes the flower of a rut, while the symbol of a young man is a steed. The loss of virginity expresses a wilted wreath or a rusted garden with a rut. It is estimated that only 218,000 of these works survived in Latvia today.
Lithuanian dances include sutartinės and funeral songs, most often performed on funerals, but also when mourning the departure of the bride from the house at the time of the wedding (raudos). In 2010, sutartinės were listed as a non-material heritage of UNESCO.
Dainy was one of the pillars of Latvian and Lithuanian folklore and national identity, especially during the time of the Teutonic and Soviet domination. In addition, they are a repository of data on Latvian and Lithuanian history.
Lithuanian dynasties are known in Poland, whose first collection was published by Ludwik Rhesa (1776-1840) in Konigsberg in 1824.
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