Wollaston prism

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Wollaston prism

Wollaston prism, bipolar polarization prism - a cube consisting of 2 rectangular binary crystal prisms, used to divide the light beam into 2 radii polarized linearly in planes mutually perpendicular and extending to each other at an angle; built by William Wollaston.

Structure and principle of operation

The Wollaston prism is glued with two halves cut from calcite crystal and matched so that their optical axes are perpendicular. The light waves associated with the electric field components are perpendicular and parallel to the optical axis, they collapse at the boundary between the halves. Due to the special relationship between their velocities the collapse angles are different. This results in the separation of rays that are polarized perpendicular to each other. The prism maker

William Hyde Wollaston was a British chemist, studying at Oxford. In 1802, he built a refractometer and in 1809 built a goniometer. In 1813 or 1815 he created his own galvanic cell made of a lead plate, U-shaped with a zinc insert inside. In 1803 he discovered palladium and in 1804 - rhodium. Bibliography

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