Real Time Kinematic

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Real Time Kinematic (RTK GPS) - Precise measurement technology using satellite navigation. RTK measurement is currently the most up-to-date technology of the most accurate measurements (in centimeter accuracy) obtained in real time (without performing post-processing calculations). RTK measurements are also used in Poland mainly in geodetic production.

Real-time RTKs with On-The-Fly (OTF) enable real-time (almost instantaneous) real-time positioning of the center of the satellite dish antenna with a resolution of 1-3 cm. OTF methods consist of rapid resolution of the uncertainty of phase measurement by a GPS receiver (observer) based on telemetry (short wave, GSM / GPRS, CSD), GPS station, pseudorode correction, and raw phase measurement data of L1 and L2 signals .

The value of uncertainty of phase measurements is quickly determined by Kalman filtering or in new generation LAMBDA receivers, proposed by Teunissen (Teunissen, 1993). The initialization time of the measurements (in the GPS receiver) using these methods is approximately 10 seconds. In these methods it is necessary to create a GPS station, which conducts continuous observations and sends data in the international format RTCM ver. 2.3 (the latest version is 3.0) or in the format developed by Trimble CMR (also in CMR + version) using dedicated UHF transmitters or GSM mobile phones. Data Radio Channel (DARC) broadcasts are also possible using national or commercial UHF radios, which broadcast standard radio programs.

For precise navigation and control of the machine, the mobile receiver moves continuously and eg every 1 second, the discrete positions of its trajectory are determined. In geodesy, the observer determines the positions of the next points on which the satellite dish is set up within a few or several seconds. RTK / OTF accuracy is in the order of 1-2cm + 1ppm.

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