exotoxin

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Exotoxins (ectotoxins) - strong protein toxins released into the environment by living bacterial cells, produced mainly by Gram-positive bacteria, among others tetanus (Clostridium tetani) and other bacteria of the genus Clostridium (eg C. septicum, C. botulinum), staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus), and less frequently Gram-negative bacteria, eg cholera cutter.

They show sensitivity to high temperatures. They can cause gastrointestinal intoxication or act on the nervous system. The amounts of micrograms can cause human death. Exotoxins are antigens, they can elicit the immune response of the body. These compounds treated with formaldehyde retain their immunogenicity, while they lose virulence - this property is used in the formation of toxoids (toxin vaccines).

The second basic type of bacterial toxins, endotoxins, is much less harmful than exotoxins. Bibliography

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