Morfa (mushrooms)

Morfa - the life stage of fungi differ in the way of reproduction. This term usually refers to the fungus of the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota groups. We distinguish the following morphs:

Mushrooms that reproduce exclusively asexually (anamorphs) were formerly classified as a group of imperfect fungi, also called anamorphic or mitotic fungi. It was sometimes the case that the anamorphic and telemorphic forms of the same species of fungus were classified in two different species: one belonging to the group of imperfect fungi, the other to another group of fungi. This is because one of the stages is observed only in strictly defined time or conditions, so it is sometimes difficult to associate the different stages of the same species. In some fungi, the asexual form is so well adapted to evolution that the sex forms - teleomorphs have not been discovered at all. In such cases, to classify and identify similarities, the genomes are analyzed by molecular biology. For example, Trichoderma viride and Hypocrea rufa were considered to be different species, with modern methods mycologists have been able to establish that H. rufa is an T. viride anamorph, hence a synonym, not a separate species. For most of the species of fungus and basal fungi, however, their anamorphs have not been determined. Therefore, in 1994 at the Tokyo International Botanical Congress, it was found that the overriding criterion for the division of fungi would be the property of the sex stage. Thus, in the new classification of mushrooms, there is no separate taxon for imperfect fungi.

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